Radiation Dose estimation for adult patient undertaking certain radiologic X-rays examinations
1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq.
2 Department of Radiology Techniques, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2026, 11(02), 042-047.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjms.2026.11.2.0030
Publication history:
Received on 13 April 2026; revised on 20 May 2026; accepted on 22 May 2026
Abstract:
This study is aimed at calculating the amount of dose delivered to those patients whose ages are over 18 years old that undergoing certain radiological examinations. It was conducted at certain local hospitals namely, Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital, Al-Hakim General Hospital, and Al-Furat Al-Awsat Hospital. Thirteen patients as minimum number were selected for each type of radiographic examination. For the dose to be calculated, physical factors (i.e. Tube voltage (kV), tube current (mAs), and tube patient distance (FSD-cm) were reported. The dose was calculated for all cases enrolled in this study. The considered X-ray examinations include shoulder (AP), arm (AP), elbow (AP), knee (AP) and wrist (AP). Patient dose was evaluated using mathematical formula. The results revealed that in Al-Hakim General Hospital that the lowest dose for the elbow was (0.29) mGy, while the highest value was (2.02) mGy for the shoulder (AP). The lowest skin dose was (0.12) mGy and the highest values were (2.22) mGy, arm (AP), the lowest value was (0.18) mGy, and the highest values were (1.25) mGy. For wrist AP, the lowest value was (0.23) mGy and the highest value was (3.01). For the knee (AP), the lowest value was (0.26) and the highest value was (2.53). The results demonstrated that in Al-Sadr Medical City, the lowest value for the elbow was (0.56) mGy, while the highest values were (2.23) mGy for the shoulder (AP). The lowest skin dose was (0.15) mGy and the highest value was (2.50) mGy, arm (AP), the lowest value was (0.32) mGy, and the highest value was (2.93) mGy. For wrist AP, the lowest value was (0.56) mGy and the highest value was (3.64) AP. For the knee (AP), the lowest value was (0.42) and the highest value was (2.84). In Al-Furat Al-Awsat Hospital, the results showed that for the elbow the lowest value was (0.34) mGy, while the highest value was (2.04) mGy. For the shoulder (AP), the lowest dose was (0.13) mGy and the highest value was (2.35) mGy. Concerning the arm (AP), the lowest value was (0.24) mGy, and the highest value was (1.31) mGy. For wrist AP, the lowest value was (0.27) mGy and the highest value was (3.26) AP. For the knee (AP), the lowest value was (0.32) and the highest value was (1.83).
Keywords:
X-Ray; Radiation Exposure; Radiation Dose; Al-Najaf Hospital
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